Petropavlovsk-kamchatsky Information
Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky (Russian: Петропа́вловск-Камча́тский) is the main city and the administrative, industrial, scientific, and cultural center of Kamchatka Krai, Russia. Population: 179,500 (2010 Census preliminary results);[4] 198,028 (2002 Census);[2] 268,747 (1989 Census).[5].
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History
Section of Mikhail Tebenkov's 1872 Petropavlovsk harbor chartPetropavlovsk was founded by Danish navigator Vitus Bering, in the service of the Russian Navy. Bering reached Avacha Bay on July 10, 1740 and laid the foundation stone for the harbor town, naming the new settlement "Petropavlovsk" (Peter + Paul) after his two ships, the St. Peter and the St. Paul, built in Okhotsk for his second expedition. The town's location on the sheltered Avacha Bay and at the mouth of the Avacha River saw it develop to become the most important settlement in Kamchatka. It was granted town status on April 9, 1812.
During the 1854–1855 Crimean War, the city was put under siege by the Anglo-French forces, but never fell. The city had been fortified under the command of Nikolay Muravyov-Amursky in the years previous, but only possessed a small garrison of a few hundred soldiers and sixty-seven cannons. After much exchange of fire, 600 allied troops landed south of the city, but were forced to retreat by only 230 Russian troops after heavy fighting. One week later, 900 allied troops landed east of the town, but were again repelled by the Russians. The allied ships then retreated from Russian waters. The total Russian losses were reported at around 100 men, those of the allies at least five times that number.[citation needed]
Petropavlovsk was a great source of fish, particularly salmon, and crab meat for the Soviet Union in the 20th century. Since the end of the Soviet era fishing rights have also been granted to foreign interests.
Tourism
The city has developed a tourist infrastructure. About twenty large tourism companies offer a wide range of services from bear hunting to paragliding. No roads connect the Kamchatka Peninsula to the rest of the world. Travel to Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky is expensive but is growing in popularity because of the remarkable scenery throughout the peninsula. The city is served by Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Airport.
Demographics
Ethnic Russians and Ukrainians make up the majority of the population; the city on its own has more inhabitants than the entire neighboring Chukotka Autonomous Okrug or Magadan Oblast.
Geography
The city is situated on high hills and surrounded by volcanoes. In fact, the horizon cannot be seen clearly from any point in town as volcanoes and mountains are everywhere. Across Avacha Bay from the city is Russia's largest submarine base, the Rybachiy Nuclear Submarine Base, established during Soviet times and still used by the Russian Navy.[6] The city is located 6,766 kilometers (4,204 mi) from Moscow (about nine hours by plane) and about 2,220 kilometers (1,380 mi) from Vladivostok.
Climate
The climate is subarctic (Köppen Dfc) and precipitation averages are estimated at 860 millimeters (34 in), or about three times as much as average in Siberia, with most falling as snow. Temperatures in winter are milder than in Siberia—a typical January day averages −7.3 °C (18.9 °F), while in summer 15 °C (59 °F) constitutes an average August maximum.
| Climate data for Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 4.4 (39.9) | 3.6 (38.5) | 6.8 (44.2) | 18.1 (64.6) | 20.6 (69.1) | 27.6 (81.7) | 29.4 (84.9) | 27.2 (81) | 24.4 (75.9) | 17.8 (64) | 12.6 (54.7) | 6.1 (43) | 29.4 (84.9) |
| Average high °C (°F) | −5.9 (21.4) | −5.0 (23) | −2.8 (27) | 0.9 (33.6) | 5.6 (42.1) | 10.8 (51.4) | 13.9 (57) | 15.0 (59) | 12.4 (54.3) | 7.2 (45) | 0.3 (32.5) | −4.0 (25) | 4.1 (39.4) |
| Average low °C (°F) | −10.6 (12.9) | −10.0 (14) | −7.9 (17.8) | −3.3 (26.1) | 0.7 (33.3) | 5.0 (41) | 8.7 (47.7) | 9.6 (49.3) | 6.5 (43.7) | 2.1 (35.8) | −4.4 (24.1) | −8.4 (16.9) | −0.9 (30.4) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −28.6 (−19.5) | −31.7 (−25.1) | −24.8 (−12.6) | −14.8 (5.4) | −10.0 (14) | −5.5 (22.1) | 0.1 (32.2) | 0.2 (32.4) | −3.2 (26.2) | −8.6 (16.5) | −16.5 (2.3) | −26.0 (−14.8) | −31.7 (−25.1) |
| Precipitation mm (inches) | 69 (2.72) | 59 (2.32) | 52 (2.05) | 53 (2.09) | 49 (1.93) | 57 (2.24) | 75 (2.95) | 99 (3.9) | 100 (3.94) | 133 (5.24) | 81 (3.19) | 98 (3.86) | 895 (35.24) |
| Source: Погода и климат [7] | |||||||||||||
International relations
Main article: List of twin towns and sister cities in RussiaTwin towns/sister cities
Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky is twinned with:
- Kushiro City, Japan (since 1998).[8]
- Sevastopol, Ukraine (since 2009).[9]
- Unalaska, United States (since 1990).[10]
See also
References
- ^ Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2011). "Предварительные итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2010 года (Preliminary results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2010). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis-2010.ru/results_of_the_census/results-inform.php. Retrieved 2011-04-25.
- ^ a b Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2004-05-21). "Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек (Population of Russia, its federal districts, federal subjects, districts, urban localities, rural localities—administrative centers, and rural localities with population of over 3,000)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2002). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis2002.ru/ct/doc/1_TOM_01_04.xls. Retrieved 2010-03-23.
- ^ The value of density was calculated automatically by dividing the 2010 Census population by the area specified in the infobox. Please note that this value may not be accurate as the area specified in the infobox does not necessarily correspond to the area of the entity proper or is reported for the same year as the population.
- ^ Федеральная служба государственной статистики (Federal State Statistics Service) (2011). "Предварительные итоги Всероссийской переписи населения 2010 года (Preliminary results of the 2010 All-Russian Population Census)" (in Russian). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года (All-Russia Population Census of 2010). Federal State Statistics Service. http://www.perepis-2010.ru/results_of_the_census/results-inform.php. Retrieved 2011-04-25.
- ^ "Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров. (All Union Population Census of 1989. Present population of union and autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and okrugs, krais, oblasts, districts, urban settlements, and villages serving as district administrative centers.)" (in Russian). Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года (All-Union Population Census of 1989). Demoscope Weekly (website of the Institute of Demographics of the State University—Higher School of Economics. 1989. http://demoscope.ru/weekly/ssp/rus89_reg.php. Retrieved 2010-03-23.
- ^ [1]
- ^ Погода и климат. [2]. . Retrieved on: April 8, 2010.
- ^ Russian presence in Japan
- ^ [3]
- ^ Alaska - Kamchatka Connections
External links
| Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky |
- Community of Kamchatka (Russian)
- Photos of Kamchatka (Russian)
- News of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky and Kamchatka krai (Russian)
- Daily updated news and photos of Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky (Russian)
- Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Internet portal (Russian)
- History of the city Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky (Russian)
- Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky city sceneries (English)
Gallery
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Petropavlovsk and Koryaksky Volcano, as seen from Avacha Bay
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Lenin Square
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View to Koryakskaya, October 2005
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Original town center
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Central market
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The Avachinsky volcano from the city
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Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Downtown
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Seaport in the Downtown of the Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky
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Sovetskaya street
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Ski resort "Red Hill" ("Krasnaya Sopka") in Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky
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"Red Hill" ski resort. View of the Avacha bay.
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Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky biathlon stadium. Vitaly Fatyanov prize competition.
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Mishennaya Hill. View from district "Horizon".
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Categories: Cities and towns in Kamchatka Krai | Russian and Soviet Navy bases | Ports and harbours of the Russian Pacific Coast | Populated places established in 1740
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